one of the estrogen hormones. Has been shown to improve metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction and to increase lifespan in mice, although the mechanism is not clear.
class of drugs that modulate neurotransmitters in the brain. Change concentration of neurotransmitter glutamate. May produce cognitive benefits but have not advanced past research studies.
medication that works in brain to inhibit acetylcholinesterase and thereby increase the level of acetylcholine. Sold under the trade name Aricept, it is used to treat Alzheimer’s Disease.
cholinergic enhancer medicine. Inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. First derived from a plant. Sold under the name Razadyne, it is used for treatment of dementia. Treats symptoms but not causes of Alzheimer's.
integrated stress response inhibitor. Drug-like molecule under investigation as a therapeutic for memory probkems. Scientists think it shows potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases. More on this.
mammalian target of rapamycin. Important in biochemistry. Interesting for us because inhibitors of this metabolic pathway are possible treatment for aging that may slow or reverse the aging process.
aka smart drugs, neuro enhancers, and cognitive enhancers. Substances that purportedly improve cognitive functions such as memory, motivation, attention, and concentration, in healthy individuals.
biochemical intermediate in many synthesis pathways. Supplements of oxaloacetic acid have been shown to be correlated with reduced inflammation and growth of neurons.
phytochemical (compound found in plants) especially prevalent in wine. Attracted interest as an anti-aging compound but there is no solid evidence it improves longevity.
cholinesterase inhibitor works in brain to slow action of butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase, which are enzymes that break down acetylcholine. Sold under the trade name Exelon, it is used to treat Alzheimer’s Disease.
from the words senescence and -lytic, "destroying" - name given to compounds under investigation for slowing aging by inducing the death of old cells, to enable new cells to form.
medicine given to patients to lower serum cholesterol level and reduce risk of heart disease. In addition to reducing incidence of strokes, this drug is thought to reverse cognitive decline.
polyamine found throughout the body that the body uses to build more complex polyamine. Exogenous polyamine given to animals seems to have a beneficial effect and slow progression of age-related diseases, but the mechanisms are unknown.
